2023
- Lipodystrophies from Insulin Injection: An Update of the Italian Consensus Statement of AMD-OSDI Study Group on Injection Technique
- Insulin-induced lipohypertrophy and factors affecting it in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Review of the literature from the past 12 years: An appraisal and extension to adult subjects
Lipodystrophies from Insulin Injection: An Update of the Italian Consensus Statement of AMD-OSDI Study Group on Injection Technique
by Sandro Gentile 1,2,*ORCID, Ersilia Satta 1, Giuseppina Guarino 1,2 and Felice Strollo 3 ORCID on behalf of the AMD-OSDI Study Group on Injection Technique
1 Nefrocenter Research, 84013 Cava dè Tirreni, Italy
2 Department of Internal Medicine, Campania University “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
3 Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, IRCCS, San Raffaele Pisana, 00163 Rome, Italy
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diabetology 2023, 4(1), 119-127; https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4010013
Insulin-induced lipohypertrophy and factors affecting it in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Review of the literature from the past 12 years: An appraisal and extension to adult subjects
Felice Strollo 1, Ersilia Satta 2, Luisa Borgia 4 and Sandro Gentile 2, 3, *
1 Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via Val Cannuta, 247, I-00166, Italy.
2 Research Department of Nefrocenter Research, Via XXV Lulio 160, Cava de Tirreni, I-84013 (Salerno), Italy.
3 Department of Internal Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Via Pansini, 5 – I-80131 Naples, Italy.
4 Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Piazza Roma,22 I-60121 Ancon, Italy.
Abstract
Our research group has dealt with injection-induced lip hypertrophy (IILH) in insulin-treated subjects for over a decade, focusing on causes and consequences, education, prevention and treatment, comorbidities, and related complications. Stimulated by an excellent Review that recently appeared on the pages of this Journal, we want to contribute insight into IILH. This brief Commentary underlines some key concepts on how to identify, prevent and cure them, pointing out salient aspects derived from our research to provide the scientific community with an as complete as possible overview of evidence-based knowledge and highlight the need for further experimental insights.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Insulin injection; Injection technique; Lipodystrophy; Lipohypertrophy
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023, 17(01), 596–604 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.1.0074